Globalization In Morocco

Globalization In Morocco Globalisation is transforming the face of the global economy in many places around the world such as India, Japan, as well as Morocco etc. But what roles does globalisation involve exactly in Morocco? The first section defines what globalisation is, noting, first, that it is not a recent phenomenon, with waves of globalisation dating back to the 1800s and, second, that it is about much more than the location of production in low wage economies. The second section discusses the various drivers of the current wave of globalisation. We identify three relatively recent developments in particular the adoption of more open economic policies, increasing technological innovation, and the emergence of developing, low-wage economies on the world stage as the central to the current wave of globalisation. Having discussed the driving forces behind the current wave of globalisation, we go on to note that these developments have facilitated greater cross-border trade in goods and services, foreign direct investment, and migration. Unlike previous episodes of globalisation, the latest wave is also very closely associated with the development of globally-distributed production systems. In fact, Globalisation can be defined as the network of connections of organisations and people across national, geographic and cultural borders and boundaries Globalisation is nothing new as ancient trade routes such as the Silk road spanning several countries, have existed since the advent of mankind. In Europe, the first extensive trade network was established by the Romans via trade with other regions especially in the Mediterranean Sea. Other trade networks such as the Hansa or the British Commonwealth are more examples of trade routes in history. However globalisation even in past eras has not just been seen as a tool for economic activity but also caused events such as the discovery of America. This shows that globalisation cannot be seen as a new process even though the speed of globalisation has increased phenomenally in the last decades. we can see that globalisation is a network of organisations across nations therefore accentuating the importance of international relations. It has often been seen as a purely economic aspect however, globalisation also comprises cultural, political and ideological relations. Although globalisatio n is often used to explain the development of under developed countries, the effects of this concept are not always as positive as may seem. Thus, many of the levers of economic power seemed to be out of reach, because Morocco had become so integrated into global economy, basically at a conference in Barcelona the European Union agreed with governments from the southern shore of the Mediterranean to set up bilateral industrial free trade areas between the Union and Individual countries. This was to develop by 2015, into a Mediterranean free trade area. However, the agreement also specifically excluded agricultural produce and strictly limited migration. In fact, they started stopping Moroccans from trying to enter Europe illegally, despite intensive Spanish and Moroccan Naval patrols of the strait of Gibraltar. Bechir Znagie,the Voyage Perilous, Index on Censorship 3 (1994): 19-20. From the economic side, Morocco has made and still making the wrong choice when it is about accepting to step into globalization. In fact, the country agreed on opening its borders gradually until the complete disappearance of taxes. In one point of view, one can say that it will encourage investments in our economy, but what kind of investments will it be? Certainly it would not be about a high technology. As a consequence, these incoming investments which will mainly use cheap manpower can end with the complete destruction of Moroccos internal development. Moroccan companies are not ready yet to face international competition, since they are still stuck in primary industries and are hardly moving towards services. This shows the dangers of an evolution that is not emerging internally but is just imposed by the most powerful part in the negotiations. Morocco still has difficulties on the Industries to move towards services. This shows the dangers of an evolution that is not emerging internally but is just imposed by the most powerful part in the negotiations. There is the use of cheap labour in Morocco that will still make us stuck with the third world development and will affect of course the social innovation in a negative way. We cant ignore that globalization has some advantages concerning the creation of jobs in Morocco especially to young people this will completely decrease their will to build a developed society with its own global companies and its high technological production. Morocco will in fact be benefiting from globalization; however, it will also suffer from the hidden sides of this concept. Economy is just one side of globalization. In fact, globalization concerns economical, social and cultural aspects, and Morocco is far from benefiting from all these aspects. Morocco-Globalization 2010 There are some advantages that globalization offer to third developing countries such as morocco, basically the liquidity of capital increases and then the developed countries can invest in developing ones as well the environment protection increases, the free trade between countries increases as well as the interdependence of the nation-states, it provides also a propagation of democratic ideals, the goods and people are transported with more easiness and speed and even the possibility between the countries decrease, in fact, the cultural barriers reduce and the global village dream becomes more realistic. Globalization has effects that make the percentage of immigration increases between the countries which makes it an opportunity for people in need to work in order to earn money and in general they come back to their own countries and do investments, so the cross culture contacts grow and the cultural diffusion takes place, otherwise, the global environmental problems like cross boundary pollution over fishing on oceans make climate changes that are solved by discussions. The global common market has a freedom of exchange of goods and capital and this leads to an increase in the desire to use foreign ideas and products, and to adopt new practices and technologies to be part of world culture and a decrease in the subsidies for local businesses. This are some effects adopted between the countries due to globalization. Moreover, to explain more the advantages of globalization in the developing world including Morocco, a research has been done by Abhay Burande saying that It is claimed that globalization increases the economic prosperity and opportunity in the developing world. The civil liberties are enhanced and there is a more efficient use of resources. All the countries involved in the free trade are at a profit. As a result, there are lower prices, more employment and a better standard of life in these developing nations. It is feared that some developing regions progress at the expense of other developed regions. However, such doubts are futile as globalization is a positive-sum chance in which the skills and technologies enable to increase the living standards throughout the world. Liberals look at globalization as an efficient tool to eliminate penury and allow the poor people a firm foothold in the global economy. In two decades from 1981 to 2001, the number of people surviving on $1 or le ss per day decreased from 1.5 billion to 1.1 billion. Simultaneously, the world population also increased. Thus, the percentage of such people decreased from 40% to 20% in such developing countries. Otherwise, there is also the process through movement people. Globalization represents an important shift in the amount of the world output being and as well it is based on some dimensions such as internationalization, restructuring of the product process and ideological dimension. In Fact Morocco has been as well instructed through those dimensions which the rapid integration of the economies was involved and as well as the movement of capital and migration of people. They are basically some disadvantages and weaknesses concerning Moroccos globalization, several questions about the consumption are asked like why corruption is business weakness nit business strength; the answer is pretty simple as corruption impedes almost all positive characteristics of countrys economy. However, Moroccos biggest business disadvantage is the damage ways in which it conduct business, as long as Morocco continuous its cycles of corruption it will not have a significant impact on Globalization and as a result globalization is becoming the key to a nations economic survival. Moreover, some manufacturing in Morocco grew, but other industries however stagnated, specifically in electric power and cement production. Food output decreased as a reduction in labor input , agriculture in Morocco lacked specification and the lack of technology in the agriculture industry implied little division of labor, which was necessary for economies of scale, but after new technologies were implied to agriculture, laborers sufficient training to use the new technology, and thus proved useless . Critics however claim that globalization increases inequality, despite growth. In addition , globalization would lead to increased wages paid to working children, thus increasing child labor. However, empirical evidence suggests otherwise. Evidence strongly shows that growing countries actually have reduced poverty levels. Furthermore, rising domestic rice prices as a result of market integration would also increases household income. Families would then substitute this income towards income that would have been brought in by the children and child labor is thus reduced. This current wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have opened economies domestically and internationally. In the years since the Second World War, and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, vastly increasing their own productive potential and creating myriad new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments also have negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investment. Taking advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. A defining feature of globalization, therefore, is an international industrial and financial business structure. Silicon Valley, 2010 Conclusion: Morocco has met many opportunities through globalization in many factors including the economic, social, cultural, environmental Etc. As globalization is the key aspect for the world economic development such Morocco has made benefit in increasing disparity within and between nations, also threatens employment and living standards and thwarts social progress. It has made the whales larger and the minnows stronger. Morocco knew how to use globalization and therefore make best use of it, which out country has made development and progress and has bought wonderful opportunities and benefits, including the increasing interaction, or integration, of national economic systems through the growth in international trade, investment and capital flows. It is the raise in consecutiveness and a procedure where geographical distance becomes less important in the establishment.

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars Essay

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars The Persian Wars (499-479 BC) put the Greeks in the difficult position of having to defend their country against a vast empire with an army that greatly outnumbered their own. Many city-states united in battle, although others found ways to avoid participation in the wars. The Greeks also relied on the words of Apollo to guide them, but the oracle did not always act encouragingly. The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Persian Wars due to heroic actions performed by Athens and Sparta and occasional assistance from the gods, but cowardice shown by other poleis nearly ended the Greeks’ chances of success. Unity between the Greek poleis could be seen occasionally in the battles of the Persian Wars, but not consistently. The Greeks first confronted the Persians during the Ionian Revolt (499-494 BC). Ionian Greeks wanted to escape the oppressive system the Persians had them under, so they turned to the Athenians. They in turn offered 20 ships to the revolt, and the Eretrians offered five ships (Demand 1996: 184). Although the revolt was unsuccessful, the help offered by Athens and Eretria provided the first instance of unity among several Greek poleis. The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, however, did not provide such an instance. When the Persian army headed to Greece to attack, only Athens and Plataea sent soldiers to fight them. The Spartans claimed they could not send soldiers due to a festival and only appeared after the battle was won by the Athenians and Plataeans to congratulate the victors (Demand 1996: 186-187). The victory gave a boost to the confidence of the Athenians, who felt that â€Å"at Marathon we were the only ones to face up to th... ...arta to play greater roles in battle. This produced a tension between the city-states that nearly allowed the Persians to claim victory. The Greeks turned to Apollo, but the oracle did not encourage them. The Greek forces continued to fight, however, driven by acts of bravery performed by Athens and Sparta. Though the Greeks did not achieve complete unity or receive absolute encouragement from the gods, they had enough bravery and faith to bring them success in the Persian Wars. Works Cited Crane, Gregory R. (ed.) The Perseus Project, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, November, 1998. Demand, Nancy. A History of Ancient Greece. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1996. Dillon, Matthew, and Lynda Garland. Ancient Greece: Social and Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the Death of Socrates. London: Routledge, 1994. No. 7.42, p. 209.

How Does Arthur Miller Use the Theme of Dreams to Convey the Hopes and Disappointments of Other Characters?

The theme of dreams plays a very important part in ‘Death of a Salesman’. They consist of ‘the American Dream’, daydreams and hopes for succeeding. Willy Loman was the main victim in this play as he ended up losing his life by trying to achieve the ‘American Dream’. Although, this dream was the main reason for Willy’s early death, this wasn’t something that he wanted to do; it was the dream that the American society wanted him to do. This dream is known as ‘The American Dream’ and it played an important role in disappointing the characters of Willy’s family.In the majority of the play, Willy Loman is seen to be following the American Dream. The American Dream is the idea that everyone can become successful, rich and popular in America, but this is mainly based on luck. Willy Loman tries to achieve this, but seeking this artificial happiness that was set by America only ended with his life being taken away. Throu ghout the entire play, Willy Loman was chasing this false dream that was given to him by the society surrounding him, but he never wanted to do this.He wanted to live in the country and support himself in the great outdoors, â€Å"Me and my boys in those grand outdoors† (Act 2), but this never worked out because of the American society, which made Willy forget about his true dream and forced him to spend his entire life chasing ‘the American Dream’ which in the end, brought him to an early death. Another theme of dreams that Arthur Miller used was ‘hopes and ambitions’. Willy’s flashbacks link to this theme as he has still not achieved his ambition to become successful; instead, Willy used his flashbacks to hide in the past where his life was cheerful and pleasant.A perfect example of this was at the beginning of the play where he said that his son, Biff was not achieving anything with his life, but then, he fell into a flashback where Biff wa s popular in school and was adored by everyone around him. Willy keeps on reminiscing this time because it shows that he was trying to use the past to cheer himself up when he was going through a hopeless time in the present. Hopes and ambition are very important because it showed that Willy ‘hoped’ to be well-liked which was the reason for him becoming a salesman because he thought this was the best job for an American.This theme links to the American Dream because Willy thought that being a salesman would make him rich and successful as it was the ‘best job’, but it didn’t, instead it was dictating and playing with his life. He told his two sons that, â€Å"Uncle Charley is liked, but not well-liked†. The reason for this was to prove to Biff and Happy that he was important to other people, but in Willy’s mind, he knew he would never be able to match the level of success of his brother, Ben and Charley achieved, instead Willy was livin g under their shadow leading him into another disappointment.The American Dream makes the Loman family very acquisitive, they think that buying the newest technology on the market is the best way of showing that they are rich and successful, for example, they bought a new refrigerator because â€Å"it had the best ads on them†. This sort of buying spree led the Lomans into severe debt and was one of the main sources to Willy’s death as he tried to pay off the debt by killing himself in the end.Arthur Miller also uses the name ‘Happy’ for the use of irony because the character is getting no real fulfilment from his work or life. â€Å"My own apartment, a car, plenty of women. And still, goddammit, I’m lonely†, this shows that goods cannot fill his soul therefore his happiness is limited. Arthur Miller added this type of character into the play because it shows us that the American Dream is not what we think it is, it is in fact added to show t hat money cannot buy happiness which is why Happy is lonely, leaving him disappointed with his life.However, Arthur Miller portrays Willy Loman as the main tragic hero because the American Dream has both mentally and physically destroyed Willy, causing his death at the end of the play. His obsession with success led him to his breaking point; all his ideas and views were twisted by the American Dream. For example, when Willy was playing cards with Charley, he kept on daydreaming about his brother Ben and how much of a great success he had become, Willy almost felt jealous of him because of that.The fact that he could’ve shared the wealth with him if he had gone on the journey also leaves Willy distraught. During the life of Willy Loman, he was seen as the tragic hero who could not reach the standards of the American Dream. In fact, he was so focused on achieving success; he failed to notice the love his family was showing him. Willy was so severely in debt, he had to kill him self to provide money for his family from his life insurance. This shows that the American Dream can make a normal human being kill themselves just to gain a little money.Arthur Miller also shows signs of hope in some parts of the play,† Sure, certain men just don’t get started till late in life. Like Thomas Edison, or B. F Goodrich. One of them was deaf. I’ll put my money on Biff†. Willy still has some sort of ‘hope’ that his older son, Biff, can still become a successful businessman. This reliance put Willy under a lot of pressure which eventually lead to his death because his son had multiple failures throughout the play. He died with a false belief that his son would become famous and well-liked (like he was) but we all knew this was never going to happen.There is also another theme used by Arthur Miller in ‘Death of a Salesman’ and it is ‘Dreams versus Reality’. The Lomans could not pick out the difference between what was a dream and what was reality; Willy suffered from this theory the most because he always dreamed that his two sons would be very successful in the future, but we knew this was never going to happen because Biff was still unemployed at the age of thirty-four and Happy hated his colleagues at work who were always one step ahead of him.This caused disappointments to them both in the end because they knew that Willy would never let them achieve their true dream which was to work in the outdoors, instead, they were forced to follow Willy’s false dream which was to pursue the success of a salesman. Willy Loman’s situation as a character is supposed to make the audience feel sorry for him because he is very hard-working and determined and yet, still cannot achieve any success. The American Dream has made him into a complete failure.The author of the play tells the audience that the American Dream is a lie and not everyone can achieve a good amount of success just fr om hard work, instead, it requires a certain amount of skill and intellect to become successful and in this play, it is shown that Willy does not have any skill or intellect which is why he cannot achieve the American Dream. The theme of dreams is very important ‘Death of a Salesman’ as they affect every character whether it is a daydream, the American Dream or one’s hopes.

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